In mathematics, especially in linear algebra and matrix theory, the vectorization of a matrix is a linear transformation which converts the matrix into a column vector. Vectorization of raster images is done by converting pixel color information into simple geometric objects. The most common variant is looking over edge detection areas of the same or similar brightness or color, which are then expressed as a graphic primitives.
Description
Vectorize creates a function wrapper that vectorizes the action of its argument FUN.
Usage
Arguments
function to apply, found via match.fun.
a character vector of arguments which should be vectorized. Defaults to all arguments of FUN.
logical or character string; attempt to reduce the result to a vector, matrix or higher dimensional array; see the simplify argument of sapply.
logical; use names if the first … argument has names, or if it is a character vector, use that character vector as the names.
Value
A function with the same arguments as FUN, wrapping a call to mapply.
Details
The arguments named in the vectorize.args argument to Vectorize are the arguments passed in the ... list to mapply. Only those that are actually passed will be vectorized; default values will not. See the examples.
Vectorize cannot be used with primitive functions as they do not have a value for formals.
It also cannot be used with functions that have arguments named FUN, vectorize.args, SIMPLIFY or USE.NAMES, as they will interfere with the Vectorize arguments. See the combn example below for a workaround.
Examples
What is a vector and how is it different from other image types?
Vectorize Psd
Vector images are path-based mathematical equations which allow unlimited resizing without degradation of image quality, or to put it simply, the image remains smooth without pixelation or jagged edges.
> Find out what makes up a vector file and how to create one.
> Create a Vector Portrait from a Photograph
These differ from Raster or Bitmap images which are made up of pixels and are resolution-dependent. This means enlarging the image will increase the size of the pixels making the image look grainy or blotchy with jagged lines and edges.
There are good reason for having these two different styles of image file as some images aren’t practical as a vector. Photographs, as an example, don’t work well as vectors due to their complexity. The different shades, gradients, colors and irregular shapes make it difficult or impractical to be saved as a vector.
Vector images are best suited for images or designs with smooth lines, curves, and shapes with solid colors. Typically this includes logos, graphic art, line drawings and illustrations.
Converting an Image to a Vector
The conversion of bitmap or raster graphics to vector art is called ‘Vectorizing’, and can be done a number of ways. There are programs that can be used to convert bitmap images into vector images automatically such as Gravit Designer, Vector Magic, and Vectorizer.io
You can automatically convert your image to a vector in Gravit Designer for free by importing your image and selecting Modify > Path > Vectorize Image from the App menu.
The other way to convert is through a method called tracing. Not unlike using tracing paper to create an illustration from a photograph, you would import your image into a vector design program (such as Gravit Designer or Adobe Illustrator) and use paths to trace the lines and elements you wish to reproduce.
Examples of Bitmap or Raster filetypes:
- .jpeg and .jpg
- .png
- .bmp
- .gif
Examples of Vector filetypes:
- .svg
- .eps
- .ai
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